Which term refers to hiding implementation details to manage complexity and focusing on high-level concepts?

• A. Expression
• B. If-Statement
• C. Debugging
• D. Abstraction

Answer: (D)

Abstraction is the idea of hiding implementation details to manage complexity and focusing on high-level concepts. By using abstraction, you think in terms of what a part of the program does rather than how it does it, which lets you build bigger systems from simpler pieces and reason about them more easily. For example, you can use a function as a black box: you know the function performs a task, but you don’t need to know every step inside to use it correctly.

An expression, in contrast, is something that evaluates to a value. An if-statement is a control structure that chooses which path the program should take based on a condition. Debugging is the process of finding and fixing errors.